Apple risks repeating the 1980s

Rigid adherence to its rules and a secretive and closed culture is beginning to threaten Apple's dominance.

Potentially weak iPhone demand is just a symptom. The back and forth in recent days about a cheaper iPhone belies what may be a much larger problem for the world's dominant gadget maker: Apple seems to be repeating a mistake it made nearly two decades ago by making it difficult for developers and peripheral makers to work with the company. At the same time, Apple is maintaining a premium price for its products, hurting adoption in developing markets. A radical departure by chief executive Tim Cook is needed fast if Apple is going to stay on top.

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